Tham khảo Chân_không

  1. 1 2 Werner S. Weiglhofer (2003). “§ 4.1 The classical vacuum as reference medium”. Trong Werner S. Weiglhofer and Akhlesh Lakhtakia, eds. Introduction to complex mediums for optics and electromagnetics. SPIE Press. tr. 28, 34. ISBN 978-0-8194-4947-4. 
  2. ↑ Tom G. MacKay (2008). “Electromagnetic Fields in Linear Bianisotropic Mediums”. Trong Emil Wolf. Progress in Optics, Volume 51. Elsevier. tr. 143. ISBN 978-0-444-52038-8. 
  3. ↑ Gilbert Grynberg, Alain Aspect, Claude Fabre (2010). Introduction to Quantum Optics: From the Semi-Classical Approach to Quantized Light. Cambridge University Press. tr. 341. ISBN 0-521-55112-9. ...deals with the quantum vacuum where, in contrast to the classical vacuum, radiation has properties, in particular, fluctuations, with which one can associate physical effects. 
  4. ↑ For a qualitative description of vacuum fluctuations and virtual particles, see Leonard Susskind (2006). The cosmic landscape: string theory and the illusion of intelligent design. Little, Brown and Co. tr. 60 ff. ISBN 0-316-01333-1. 
  5. ↑ The relative permeability and permittivity of field-theoretic vacuums is described in Kurt Gottfried, Victor Frederick Weisskopf (1986). Concepts of particle physics, Volume 2. Oxford University Press. tr. 389. ISBN 0-19-503393-0.  and more recently in John F. Donoghue, Eugene Golowich, Barry R. Holstein (1994). Dynamics of the standard model. Cambridge University Press. tr. 47. ISBN 0-521-47652-6.  and also R. Keith Ellis, W. J. Stirling, B. R. Webber (2003). QCD and collider physics. Cambridge University Press. tr. 27–29. ISBN 0-521-54589-7. Returning to the vacuum of a relativistic field theory, we find that both paramagnetic and diamagnetic contributions are present.  QCD vacuum is paramagnetic, while QED vacuum is diamagnetic. See Carlos A. Bertulani (2007). Nuclear physics in a nutshell. Princeton University Press. tr. 26. ISBN 0-691-12505-8. 
  6. ↑ “Speed of light in vacuum, c, c0”. The NIST reference on constants, units, and uncertainty: Fundamental physical constants. NIST. Truy cập ngày 28 tháng 11 năm 2011. 
  7. ↑ Chattopadhyay, D. and Rakshit, P.C. (2004). Elements of Physics: vol. 1. New Age International. tr. 577. ISBN 81-224-1538-5. 
  8. ↑ “Electric constant, ε0”. The NIST reference on constants, units, and uncertainty: Fundamental physical constants. NIST. Truy cập ngày 28 tháng 11 năm 2011. 
  9. ↑ “Magnetic constant, μ0”. The NIST reference on constants, units, and uncertainty: Fundamental physical constants. NIST. Truy cập ngày 28 tháng 11 năm 2011. 
  10. ↑ “Characteristic impedance of vacuum, Z0”. The NIST reference on constants, units, and uncertainty: Fundamental physical constants. NIST. Truy cập ngày 28 tháng 11 năm 2011. 
  11. ↑ Tom G Mackay & Akhlesh Lakhtakia (2008). “§3.1.1 Free space”. Trong Emil Wolf, ed. Progress in Optics, Volume 51. Elsevier. tr. 143. ISBN 0-444-53211-0. 

Tài liệu tham khảo

WikiPedia: Chân_không http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/621344 http://books.google.com/?id=QtIP_Lr3gngC&pg=PA34 http://books.google.com/books?id=KXvoI-m9-9MC&pg=P... http://books.google.com/books?id=RIW9E1sOyxUC&pg=P... http://books.google.com/books?id=TqrPVoS6s0UC&pg=P... http://books.google.com/books?id=hFasRlkBbpYC&pg=P... http://books.google.com/books?id=l-l0L8YInA0C&pg=P... http://books.google.com/books?id=lCm9Q18P8cMC&pg=P... http://books.google.com/books?id=lCm9Q18P8cMC&pg=P... http://books.google.com/books?id=n51yJr4b_oQC&pg=P...